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01 - Royal insult
Find out how these arguments made by Walter Travers may have inspired one of the greatest insults to Queen Elizabeth I during her reign.[1]
01 - Royal insult
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02 - The Travers code
Travers wrote in code to prevent his writings falling into the wrong hands. Learn more here. [2]
02 - The Travers code
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03 - From publication to prison
How did Travers evade prosecution and incarceration in 1592? What did Henry Jacob do to break out of jail after his conviction? Find out more. [3]
03 - From publication to prison
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04 - The first 'Declaration of Independence'?
Learn how Jacob – in a single stroke – universalized the idea of freedom. Was this the first ‘Declaration of Independence’ in the English-speaking world?[4]
04 - The first 'Declaration of Independence'?
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05 - Universal scandal
When the idea of ‘Independency’ first emerged it caused a scandal and was referred to as a disease. Find out why.
05 - Universal scandal
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06 - Cutting criticism
See how critics represented Independents in the woodcut ‘The Royal Oak of Brittayne’ – a seventeenth century equivalent of today’s political cartoon.
06 - Cutting criticism
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07 - Universal freedom?
Should freedom apply to all people? How did Independence move from religious to political liberty? [6]
07 - Universal freedom?
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08 - Planting independence
What happened to Henry Jacob after he migrated to the Virginia colony?
08 - Planting independence
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Footnotes
- [1] For background on the puritan threat to Queen Elizabeth I see (1) on Features. ^
- [2] Read the overview of Travers’s new biography (2) Features ^
- [3] See charges against Travers and Jacob’s subscription (3) & (4) Features ^
- [4] For the novelty of Jacob’s independency and a timeline of his life see (4) & (5) Features ^
- [5] For the spiritual scandal caused by independence see (6) Features ^
- [6] For the role of independence in broadening religious toleration see (7) Features ^
